Otjih S, Social and Political Observer in Tabanan, Bali. Alumnus Udayana, Bali
In the everyday sense, the mosque is a building where Muslims pray and places closer to Allah SWT. In addition, the mosque is also used for the activities of other religious services and worship. The mosque is a place that is identical with Muslims. The understanding of the mosque based on grammar comes from the Arabic Sajada - Yasjudu which means obedient, obedient, submissive with respect, of course to Allah SWT. The mosque is the place of Muslims as well as harbor a place of abiding in obedience to Allah SWT.
In the development of Muslims, the mosque has a strategic role for the progress of Muslim civilization. This has been proven by the multifunctional history of the role of the mosque. The mosque is not only a place of prayer, but also as a center of education, religious teachings, education and social functions and economic of Muslims.
History also noted that the Prophet Mosque by Rasulullah functioned as a center of worship, Education and teaching center, Legal aspects (judiciary), Center for economic empowerment of people through Baitul Mal (ZISWAF), Islamic Information Center. In short, at the time of the Prophet, the mosque was used as the center of Islamic civilization.
Just like in Indonesia, the mosque is not only a center of worship, but as a center of social activity. The mosque used as a vehicle for the people to stay in touch and deliberate discuss many things that aims for the benefit of the ummah.
It is also a place to develop religious and social knowledge of society. But in the Dutch colonial period, the function of the mosque was somewhat limited.
The mosque is only allowed to be a place of worship only. This is due to the fear of the Dutch that the mosque can be used as a base to fight the Dutch. The mosque can indeed be an effective place to develop anti-colonialism.
Through the Dalih Jihad Fi Sabilillah, then an ardor against the invaders will be very effective in the mosque. As a holy place, then the mosque will be used to evoke the spirit of resistance. But it is a historical journey of the struggle of the people of Indonesia when colonized by the Dutch.
While the mosque must be restored function as a place of worship and also become the center of Islamic cultural development. For example by multiplying the activities carried within the framework of the development of Islamic cultural civilization.
The founder of the Movement to Prosper Mosque (Gemar), Achmad Subianto in the seminar Penganugerahan Pilot Mosque and National ID 2016 launched by the Ministry of Religious Affairs, emphasized four handles to restore civilization to the mosque that is by understanding Strength, Weakness, Oportunity and Threats (SWOT) civilization.
Strength or strength, he said, which belongs to the mosque to become the center of civilization among which is the largest Muslim population in Indonesia in the world. There is also the presence of the holy book of the Qur'an that Allah has described as a light, as well as the number of Islamic organizations that stand upright.
Furthermore, weakness must be understood or weaknesses of existing conditions such as economies that are not owned by the ummah, and coaching which is still dependent on APBN / APBD. There are also many legal status of mosque which still not clear, willingness of license for khatib-khatib and still limited understanding of manager of mosque.
Subianto also invites Muslims to understand the oportunity or opportunities that exist, such as the presence of Baznas that should be accompanied by the presence of UPZ in the mosque. In addition, Nasonal Waqf should be able to attend masjid-masjing, including maximizing the potential of the people through the number of Islamic banks that already exist.
Finally, Subianto reminded Muslims of threats or threats to the mosque, among them the legality of the mosque which is not yet clear, and technological developments that sometimes have not been able to be captured. There are also secular media and false schools that seek to divide the ummah, especially the extant corrupt behavior.
But lately, some radicalism seeding cases exist that originated from the mosque among others, Darul Islah Mosque located in the area of Bumi Serpong Damai South Tangerang City. Residents around began to feel uncomfortable with a lecture from Ustad Abu Jibril at Darul Islah Mosque which contains the dissemination of the teachings that are considered too extreme. Abu Jibril himself is known as Chairman of the Indonesian Mujahidin Council. On that basis, residents urged the mosque's administrators to resign.
The mosque is a true place for Muslims to worship. But the function of the mosque began to be misused by a group of people who are not responsible and even the mosque is often used as a hideout of terrorist groups.
They often disguised as ustad who perform religious dakwah. Not infrequently, they also choose to stay in the mosque as marbot aka guardian of the mosque. One suspected terrorist named Riza who was shot dead in Tulungagung some time ago could be an example. He stayed at the Al Jihad mosque for three months and became a teacher for children.
His mask is kept tight for three months until Special Dettachment 88 kissed his hiding place. Another example, an alleged terrorist arrested Special Dettachment 88 in Makassar. He was disguised as a temporary imam at the Al-Mussabbihin Mosque of Bumi Sudiang Raya Complex. Farouk's disguise - suspected terrorist in Makassar - is so perfect that neighbors no one thought the imam of the mosque was a member of a radical group that often carried out acts of terror in some areas.
In addition, there is information that tens of mosques in 16 provinces in Indonesia are accused of supporting terrorist groups Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
Allegations of support for ISIS include spreading ideology and recruiting militants to go to Syria. Australian media, ABC.net.au, reveals 41 mosques in 16 provinces in Indonesia that are the object of research conducted on behalf of the Indonesian Government. Of these, 16 mosques in seven provinces were accused by the research team as supporters of the ISIS group. The research team did the study by sneaking secretly into places of worship.
Data from the Center for Radicalism and Deradicalisation Studies said audio recordings containing radical teachings cannot be given to the media, because they belong to the Government of Indonesia. In his research, he identified three types of mosques. First, the public mosque used by ISIS sympathizers without the knowledge of the board. Secondly, the mosque where its administrators are associated with the ISIS-affiliated group, but the congregation does not. Third, the private mosque where the board and the congregation both are support the ISIS group.
Some examples of cases that opened our eyes that the function of the mosque is that had been as a place of worship has been abused. Mosques are often used as a hideout for radical members.
Director of Research Center for the Study of Religion and Multiculturalism (PUSAM) Graduate University of Muhammadiyah Malang, NafiMutohirin, said that the mosque became a place of political activism is common.
Both in Egypt, Turkey, and Indonesia, the mosque has always been a space of movement, propaganda, ideology spreading, even the recruitment of new members of Islamic political groups.
The same thing is written in the book of Islamic Radical Seeds in Masjid: Case Study of Jakarta and Solo, monograph published by Center for the Study of Religion and Culture, SyarifHidayatullah State Islamic University (2010), it is known that Mosque also become the field of political contestation.
Power here does not mean political or territorial positions, but the field of propaganda, which fight over ideological hegemony, sect, and flow. Even KH HasyimMuzadi in 2009 reminded Muslims to be wary of transnational ideological phenomena. The transnational movement in question is a movement like Ikhawanul Muslimin, Jaulah, Al-Qaeda, and Liberal Islam. According to him, such ideology contradicts the mainstream of Indonesian Islam that has been tolerant.
The majority Muslim community in Indonesia needs to realize that the existence of terrorism is "by design". Hillary Clinton never slipped like this. In 2013, Hillary Clinton stands out as a candidate for president of the United States. At that time he revealed something that opened the eyes of the public. CNN broadcast it. The world can still watch it through Youtube.
"Let us not forget," said Hillary, "the terrorism we are fighting now, we helped to finance it 20 years ago We recruited the mujahideen, we let them come from Saudi Arabia and other countries to import Wahabi, we use them to defeat the Soviet Union."
Reflecting on the data, facts and opinions of experts in Indonesia, we must revitalize the mosque as the center of Islamic civilization, as well as the epicenter and the "core point" in the eradication of terrorism and radicalism, because by making the mosque as the center of counter terrorism in anti-Violence and respect for human rights, it will lead to increased Muslim participation in the de-radicalization.
The involvement of mosque board in eradicating and preventing terrorism is very important considering the information that during January to June 2017, 161 people or 52 KK WNI from 12 provinces deported from Turkey due to join ISIS have returned to Indonesia. Based on data from NGO C-Save, the provinces with the most followers are West Java (13 KK), East Java (10 KK), Central Java (8 KK), Lampung (5 KK), Jakarta and Banten (4 KK), West Sumatera, Jambi, West Kalimantan, Aceh, Batam and South Sumatra (1 KK).
West Java has become the base of the radical group DI / TII or NII. From West Java, DI / TII and NII spread to Aceh, South Sulawesi and West Kalimantan. Central Java is known base JI and JAT. According to Solahudin, from the Center for the Study of Terrorism and Social Conflict of the University ofIndonesia (UI), many radical activists in Central Java, Yogyakarta, East Java and North Sumatra recruited sympathizers of Masyumi who disappointed the political policy of the New Order.
Revitalizing Mosque as Center of Islamic Civilization
Nowadays, it is almost impossible to find a mosque which is ideally functioned according to the Sunnah of the Prophet. In general, according to the Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2010, when observed its development today there are still many mosque administrators who pay more attention to the splendor of the building. This is what is suspected to be the cause of delayed progress of Islam. Seeing the phenomenon that occurs, it needs a concrete action to immediately restore the function of the mosque.
Therefore, innovative steps are needed so that mosques with strategic function can be the center of civilization among others, Activate Majlis Taklim existing mosque to avoid saturation Jemaah; Conducting various types of training and seminars as well as to increase the capacity of mosque board and Jemaah; Involve youth of the mosque as an agent of change with innovative ideas in developing mosque prosperity; Making the mosque as the center of science with the existence of a mosque library containing about the sciences of Religion; Synergize with the Government and society by optimizing the mosque's social function; Optimizing the implementation of landfill activities as an early childhood character education with a strong Islamic foundation. Just as the Prophet taught that education begins with Aqidah as the foundation, worship, morals, and continued with mu'ammalah.
With the effort to prosper the mosque and restore the function of the mosque as the center of Islamic culture, it is undoubtedly the efforts of radical groups that utilize the mosque to be a nursery of ideas calling for hatred against the Government regime and even as Markaz consolidated terror can not happen, because the awakening of public awareness will function the actual mosque. Islam teaches us to love peace because of Islam Rahmatan Lil Alamin religion.
